Astronomical Observations

XXII. Astronomical Observations. By Stephen Groombridge, Esq. F. R. S. Read June 29, 1820. Observations of the Solstices in the years 1818 and 1819. Observed zenith distance of the Sun's centre on the meridian. | Year | Date | Zenith distance | Barometer | Therm. within | Therm. without | Refraction | |------|------|----------------|-----------|---------------|---------------|------------| | 1818 | June 13 | 28° 14' 53.08" | 29.79 | 72.5 | 81 | 0.29.77 | | | June 14 | 28° 11' 38.72" | 29.87 | 68 | 66 | 0.30.10 | | | June 23 | 28° 0' 5.55" | 29.76 | 62 | 66 | 0.30.15 | | | June 27 | 28° 5' 39.66" | 29.75 | 68 | 79 | 0.29.84 | | | June 28 | 28° 8' 9.04" | 29.69 | 66 | 73 | 0.29.97 | | | June 29 | 28° 10' 55.40" | 30.08 | 67 | 72 | 0.30.37 | | | July 1 | 28° 17' 51.98" | 30.00 | 69.5 | 77 | 0.30.27 | | | Dec. 12 | 74° 29' 34.34" | 30.06 | 44 | 40 | 3.31.92 | | | Dec. 14 | 74° 37' 55.16" | 30.15 | 43.5 | 41 | 3.34.10 | | | Dec. 19 | 74° 50' 20.17" | 30.21 | 38 | 34 | 3.40.54 | | | Dec. 22 | 74° 52' 23.59" | 30.45 | 42.5 | 33 | 3.43.15 | | | Dec. 23 | 74° 52' 3.00" | 30.31 | 38.5 | 31 | 3.42.94 | | | Dec. 27 | 74° 46' 16.87" | 30.06 | 39 | 37 | 3.37.14 | The above observations computed by Mr. Groombridge's Table of Refraction. | Year | Zenith distance | Equation | Solstitial distance | |------|----------------|----------|--------------------| | 1818 | June 13 | 28° 15' 22.85" | 15° 15' 31" | 28° 0' 7.54" | | | June 14 | 12° 8.82 | 11° 55' 34" | 13° 48 | | | June 23 | 0° 35.70 | 0° 24.45 | 1° 12.25 | | | June 27 | 6° 9.50 | 6° 1.15 | 8° 3.5 | | | June 28 | 8° 39.01 | 8° 27.31 | 11° 7.0 | | | June 29 | 11° 25.77 | 11° 17.91 | 7° 8.6 | | | July 1 | 18° 22.25 | 18° 12.52 | 9° 7.3 | | | Nutation | + 7.40 | + 2.77 | | | | Parallax | - 4.11 | + 2.77 | | | | Sun's Latitude | - 0.52 | | | | | Dec. 12 | 74° 33' 6.26" | 22° 57' 0.4" | 74° 56' 3.30" | | | Dec. 14 | 41° 29' 26" | 14° 38' 2.0" | 7° 46 | | | Dec. 19 | 54° 6.71 | 1° 58.11 | 4° 8.2 | | | Dec. 22 | 56° 6.74 | 0° 0.18 | 6° 9.2 | | | Dec. 23 | 55° 45' 9.4" | 0° 17.56 | 3° 5.0 | | | Dec. 27 | 49° 54' 0.1" | 6° 10.39 | 4° 4.0 | | | Nutation | - 8.64 | - 17.58 | | | | Parallax | - 8.45 | | | | | Sun's Latitude | - 0.49 | | | Mean obliquity, 1818 | 23° 27' 47.36 | Mean obliquity at the vernal equinox, 1819 | 23° 27' 47.03 | Nutation | 9.23 | Parallax | - 4.11 | Sun's Latitude | - 0.50 | Mean Obliquity | 23° 27' 46.70 | 23° 27' 47.36 | Mean obliquity at the vernal equinox, 1819 | 23° 27' 47.03 | Oppositions of the New Planets. | Mean Time | Right Ascension | Declination | Longitude | Latitude | |-----------|----------------|-------------|-----------|----------| | | | | | | | h | o | o | o | o | | 1818. | | | | | | Vesta | | | | | | April 3 | 12.47.39 | 203.38.54.3 | 3.55.53.3 N | 200.23.41.8 | 12.50.31.8 N | | 4 | 12.42.50 | 203.25.47.4 | 4.2.6.0 | 200.8.52.1 | 12.51.23.5 | | 12 | 12.4.9 | 201.36.56.4 | 4.46.53.1 | 198.8.26.5 | 12.51.55.3 | | 15 | 11.49.35 | 200.55.18.7 | 5.0.54.2 | 197.23.37.9 | 12.49.6.0 | | 17 | 11.39.54 | 200.27.48.1 | 5.9.18.5 | 196.54.22.4 | 12.46.24.1 | | Pallas | | | | | | Sept. 1 | 12.20.21 | 345.38.31.6 | 2.10.22.4 N | 347.38.10.3 | 7.40.11.7 N | | 2 | 12.15.40 | 345.27.15.1 | 1.57.46.6 | 347.22.45.1 | 7.32.58.6 | | 6 | 1.56.56 | 344.42.4.6 | 1.6.25.2 | 346.20.42.6 | 7.3.9.5 | | 9 | 11.42.53 | 344.8.3.1 | 0.27.5.2 | 345.33.48.0 | 6.40.1.3 | | 11 | 11.33.31 | 343.45.24.6 | 0.0.29.5 N | 345.2.27.3 | 6.24.12.1 | | 12 | 11.28.50 | 343.34.9.1 | 0.12.50.9 S | 344.46.50.3 | 6.16.13.0 | | 13 | 11.24.9 | 343.22.52.8 | 0.26.15.1 | 344.31.11.5 | 6.8.10.1 | | 1820. | | | | | | Pallas | | | | | | Feb. 1 | 9.42.57 | 96.45.6.6 | 25.32.13.7 S | 99.15.54.7 | 48.47.4.0 S | | 4 | 9.30.22 | 96.33.10.2 | 24.30.48.1 | 98.53.18.1 | 47.46.32.0 | | 6 | 9.22.9 | 96.27.45.0 | 23.49.10.4 | 98.41.59.8 | 47.5.57.5 | | 10 | 9.6.5 | 96.22.35.4 | 22.19.58.0 | 98.26.41.6 | 45.36.37.1 | | 16 | 8.43.1 | 96.30.28.2 | 20.1.36.7 | 98.24.49.8 | 43.18.4.7 | | 17 | 8.39.16 | 96.33.26.7 | 19.37.58.7 | 98.26.38.8 | 42.54.19.0 | | Ceres | | | | | | Feb. 1 | 11.49.38 | 128.30.18.9 | 31.29.3.2 N | 122.55.5.1 | 12.19.4.7 N | | 4 | 11.34.57 | 127.47.5.7 | 31.44.49.4 | 122.14.33.3 | 12.25.4.3 | | 10 | 11.5.54 | 126.24.49.8 | 32.11.3.4 | 120.58.39.7 | 12.33.19.8 | | 16 | 10.37.26 | 125.11.27.3 | 32.29.41.0 | 119.52.25.4 | 12.36.37.2 | | 17 | 10.32.46 | 125.0.23.1 | 32.32.1.8 | 119.42.33.6 | 12.36.42.6 |