Front Matter

The only official reprint authorized by The Royal Society of London Printed in U.S.A. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS, GIVING SOME ACCOUNT OF THE Present Undertakings, Studies, and Labours, OF THE INGENIOUS, IN MANY Considerable Parts of the WORLD. VOL. LI. PART I. For the Year 1759. LONDON: Printed for L. DAVIS and C. REYMERS, Printers to the ROYAL SOCIETY, against Gray's-Inn Gate, in Holbourn. M.DCC.LX. CONTENTS TO VOL. LI. PART I. I. The greatest Effect of Engines with uniformly accelerated Motions considered. By Francis Blake, Esq; F. R. S. p. 1. II. Observations on the Growth of Trees: By Robert Marsham, of Stratton in Norfolk, Esq; Communicated by the Rev. Steph. Hales, D. D. F. R. S. p. 7. III. An Account of some Antiquities found in Cornwall: In a Letter from the Rev. William Borlase, M. A. F. R. S. to the Rev. Charles Lyttelton, LL. D. Dean of Exeter. p. 13. IV. A new improved Silk-Reel. By the Rev. Samuel Pullein, M. A. p. 21. V. Experiments on several Pieces of Marble stained by Mr. Robert Chambers. In a Letter to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D. D. Secret. R. S. from Mr. Emanuel Mendez da Costa, F. R. S. p. 30. VI. Observations upon the Sea Scolopendre, or Sea Millepes. By John Andrew Peyffonel, M. D. F. R. S. Translated from the French p. 35. VII. An Account of a Storm of Thunder and Lightning at Norwich, on the 13th of July 1758. By Mr. Samuel Cooper. Communicated by Mr. Joseph. CONTENTS. Joseph Warner, Surgeon of Guy's-Hospital, and F.R.S. p. 38. VIII. Experiments concerning the Encaustic Painting of the Ancients. In a Letter to the Right Honourable George Earl of Macclesfield, President of the Royal Society, from Mr. Josiah Colebrooke, F.R.S. p. 40. IX. A Letter concerning the Success of the preceding Experiments. In a Letter to the Right Honourable Lord Charles Cavendish, V.P.R.S. from Mr. Josiah Colebrooke, F.R.S. p. 53. X. An Account of a particular Species of Cocoon, or Silk-pod, from America. By the Rev. Samuel Pullein, M.A. p. 54. XI. A Thermometrical Account of the Weather, for One Year, beginning in September 1753. Kept in Maryland, by Mr. Richard Brooke, Physician and Surgeon in that Province. Communicated by Mr. Henry Baker, F.R.S. p. 58. XII. A Thermometrical Account of the Weather, for Three Years, beginning September 1754. as observed in Maryland. By Mr. Richard Brooke. Communicated by Mr. H. Baker, F.R.S. p. 70. XIII. A Letter from Mr. Benjamin Wilson, F.R.S. to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D.D. Sec. R.S. p. 83. A Letter from Edward Delaval, M.A. and Fellow of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge, to Mr. Benjamin Wilson, F.R.S., containing some Electrical Experiments and Observations. ibid. XIV. An Account of the Case of William Carey, aged Nineteen, whose Tendons and Muscles are turning into Bones. In a Letter to the Right Honourable the Lord Cadogan, F.R.S. from the Rev. William Henry, D.D. F.R.S. p. 89. CONTENTS. XV. A further Account of the same Case: in a Letter to the Right Honourable the Lord Cadogan, F. R. S. from the Rev. William Henry, D. D. F. R. S. p. 92. XVI. An Account of the Comet seen in May 1759. By J. Bevis. M. B. p. 93. An Account of the same Comet: By Nicolas Munckley, Esq; Communicated by Nicolas Munckley, M. D. F. R. S. p. 94. XVII. A Catalogue of the Fifty Plants from Chelsea Garden, presented to the Royal Society by the worshipful Company of Apothecaries, for the Year 1758, pursuant to the Direction of Sir Hans Sloane, Baronet, Med. Reg. & Soc. Reg. nuper Praes, by John Wilmer, M. D. clariss. Societatis Pharmaceut. Lond. Socius, Hort. Chelsean. Praefectus, & Praelector Botanic. p. 96. XVIII. An experimental Enquiry concerning the natural Powers of Water and Wind to turn Mills, and other Machines, depending on a circular Motion. By Mr. J. Smeaton, F. R. S. p. 100. Part I. Concerning Undershot Water-Wheels. p. 101. Part II. Concerning Overshot Wheels. p. 124. Part III. On the Construction and Effects of Windmill-Sails. p. 138. XIX. An Account of the remarkable Alteration of Colour in a Negro Woman: In a Letter to the Reverend Mr. Alexander Williamson of Maryland, from Mr. James Bate, Surgeon in that Province. Communicated by Alexander Russel, M. D. F. R. S. p. 175. XX. The Case of a paralytic Patient cured by an electrical Application, inclosed in a Letter from Dr. Himself, CONTENTS. Himsel, at Riga, to Jacob de Castro Sarmento, M.D. F.R.S. Translated from the French. p. 179. XXI. An Account of some Observations relating to the Production of the Terra Tripolitana, or Tripoli. Humbly addressed to the Royal Society of London, by Martin Hubner, Fellow of the said Society, Professor of History in the University of Copenhagen, and Member of the Royal Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres of Paris. Translated from the French, by Emanuel Mendes da Costa, F.R.S. p. 186. Remarks on Mr. Hubner's Paper on Tripoli. p. 191. Remarks on the preceding Paper: In a Letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Macclesfield, Pres. R.S. from Mr. Emanuel Mendez da Costa, F.R.S. p. 192. XXII. A remarkable Case of an Empyema. By Mr. Joseph Warner, F.R.S. and Surgeon to Guy's Hospital. p. 194. XXIII. Extracts of some Letters from Signor Abbate de Venuti, F.R.S. to J. Nixon, A.M. and F.R.S. relating to several Antiquities lately discovered in Italy. p. 201. XXIV. An Account of some Experiments relating to the Preservation of Seeds: In Two Letters to the Right Honourable the Earl of Macclesfield, President of the Royal Society. From John Ellis, Esq; F.R.S. p. 206. XXV. The Case of a very long Suppression of Urine. By Ambrose Dawson, M.D. Communicated by William Heberden, M.D. F.R.S. p. 215. XXVI. Several Accounts of the fiery Meteor, which appeared on Sunday the 26th of November, 1758, between CONTENTS. between Eight and Nine at Night; collected by John Pringle, M.D. F.R.S. p. 218. XXVII. Some Remarks upon the several Accounts of the fiery Meteor (which appeared on Sunday the 26th of November, 1758), and upon other such Bodies; by John Pringle, M.D. F.R.S. p. 259. XXVIII. Thoughts on the different Impregnation of Mineral Waters; more particularly concerning the Existence of Sulphur in some of them; by John Rutty, Doctor of Physic. p. 275. XXIX. An Account of the Effects of a Storm of Thunder and Lightning at Rickmansworth, in Hertfordshire, on the 16th of July, 1759: In a Letter from Mrs. Anne Whitfeld. Communicated by Mr. John Van Rixtel, F.R.S. p. 282. XXX. An Account of some extraordinary Effects of Lightning, in a Letter to Dr. Gowin Knight: By Mr. William Mountaine, F.R.S. p. 286. Some Remarks on the preceding Letter, by Gowin Knight, M.B. F.R.S. and Principal Librarian of the British Museum. p. 294. XXXI. An Account of a Meteor seen at Shefford, in Berkshire, on Saturday, October 20th, 1759; with some Observations on the Weather of the preceding Winter: In a Letter to Thomas Birch, D.D. Sec. R.S. from Richard Forster, M.A. Rector of Shefford. p. 299. XXXII. An Account of the same Meteor, seen at Bath: In a Letter to Tho. Birch, D.D. Sec. R.S. from Mr. Josiah Colebrooke, F.R.S. p. 301. XXXIII. An Account of the Meteor seen at Chigwell Row, in Essex, on the 20th of October, 1759: In a Letter to the Rev. Dr. Birch, Secretary of the Royal CONTENTS. Royal Society, from Mr. William Dutton, Watchmaker in Fleet-street, p. 302. XXXIV. An Account of Two Stones of remarkable Shapes and Sizes, which, for the Space of Six Years, were firmly lodged in the Urethra of a young Man, and at length successfully cut out from thence. Addressed to the Royal Society, on Thursday, December 13, 1759, at which Meeting the Stones themselves, and a Drawing of the Stones, were presented to the Fellows of the Society, by Joseph Warner, F.R.S. and Surgeon to Guy's-Hospital. XXXV. Experiments on the Tourmalin: by Mr. Benjamin Wilson, F.R.S. In a Letter to Dr. William Heberden, F.R.S. p. 304. XXXVI. New Experiments and Observations concerning Electricity; by Robert Symmer, Esq.; F.R.S. Paper I. Of the Electricity of the human Body, and the Animal Substances, Silk and Wool. p. 340. Paper II. Of the Electricity of black and white Silk. p. 348. Paper III. Of Electrical Cohesion. p. 359. Paper IV. Part I. Of Two distinct Powers in Electricity. p. 371. Part II. Of Two distinct Powers in Electricity. p. 380. A Letter to the Rev. Dr. Birch, Sec. R.S. concerning the Force of Electrical Cohesion. p. 390. XXXVII. Some Observations relating to the Lyncurium of the Ancients; by William Watson, M.D. F.R.S. p. 394. XXXVIII. An Attempt to account for the regular diurnal Variation of the horizontal magnetic Needle, and PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS, GIVING SOME ACCOUNT OF THE Present Undertakings, Studies, and Labours, OF THE INGENIOUS, IN MANY Considerable Parts of the WORLD. VOL. LI. PART II. For the Year 1760. LONDON: Printed for L. Davis and C. Reymer, Printers to the Royal Society, against Gray's-Inn Gate, in Holbourn. M.DCC.LXI. CONTENTS TO PART II. VOL. LI. XL. A Letter to the Honourable J. Th. Klein, Secretary to the City of Dantzick, from Mr. Peter Collinson, F. R. S. concerning the Migration of Swallows. p. 459. XLI. Observations on the Comet seen in January 1760; by James Short, M. A. F. R. S. In a Letter to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D.D. Secretary to the Royal Society. p. 465. XLII. Observations on the same Comet; by the Rev. John Michell, M. A. Fellow of Queen's College in Cambridge. In a Letter to Mr. James Short, F. R. S. p. 466. XLIII. An Account of the same Comet; by Nicholas Munckley, of Lincoln's Inn, Esq; p. 467. XLIV. An Account of the said Comet; by Mr. Mark Day. p. 469. XLV. Of the vitriolic Waters of Amlwch, in the Isle of Anglesey; with occasional Remarks on the Hartfell Spaw, described in the first Volume of the Edinburgh Essays and Observations physical and literary, and in the 49th Volume of the Philosophical Transactions, and their Comparison with other Waters of the same Class. By John Rutty, M. D. p. 470. XLVI. An Account of that Part of America, which is nearest to the Land of Kamtchatka; extracted from CONTENTS. from the Description of Kamtchatka by Professor Krashennicoff, printed at Petersburg, in two Volumes, 4to. in 1759; and translated and communicated by the Rev. D. Dumaresque, D.D. Chaplain to the English Factory at Petersburg. p. 477. XLVII. Remarks on the Mutations of the Stars; by Tho. Barker, Esq; of Lyndon, in Rutland: Communicated by the Rev. W. Stukeley, M.D. F.R.S. p. 498. XLVIII. The Method of making Sal Ammoniac in Egypt; as communicated by Dr Linnæus, from his Pupil Dr. Hasselquist, who had been lately in those Parts: By John Ellis, Esq; F.R.S. p. 504. XLIX. Montium quorundam praetororum, magna ligni fossilibs copia quasi infarctorum, brevis descriptio Sam. Christ. Hollmanni, Philosophiae Professor. Goettingensis, et S.R. Sodalis. p. 506. L. Experiments in Electricity: In a Letter from Father Beccaria, Professor of Experimental Philosophy at Turin, to Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. p. 514. Remarks on the preceding Paper, by Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. p. 525. LI. An uncommon Case of an Hæmoptysis; by Erasmus Darwen, M.D. p. 526. LII. An Account of the late Earthquakes in Syria: In a Letter from Dr. Patrick Russel, to his Brother, Alexander Russel, M.D. F.R.S. p. 529. LIII. Remarks on the Bovey Coal: In a Letter to the Right Honourable George Earl of Macclesfield, President of the Royal Society. By Jeremiah Milles, D.D. F.R.S. p. 534. LIV. A new Method of computing the Sums of certain CONTENTS. tain Series; by Mr. John Landen: Communicated by Mr. Thomas Simpson, F. R. S. p. 553. LV. Conjectures concerning the Cause, and Observations upon the Phenomena of Earthquakes; particularly of that great Earthquake of the First of November 1755, which proved so fatal to the City of Lisbon, and whose Effects were felt as far as Africa, and more or less throughout almost all Europe; by the Reverend John Michell, M. A. Fellow of Queen's College, Cambridge. p. 566. LVI An Extract of a Letter from Abbé De la Caille, F. R. S. and Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, to Matthew Maty, M. D. and F. R. S. p. 635. LVII. Extracts of some Letters from Signor Abbate de Venuti, F. R. S. to J. Nixon, A. M. and F. R. S. relating to several Antiquities in Italy. p. 636. Remarks on the preceding Extracts; in a Letter to Charles Morton, M. D. Secretary to the Royal Society. By John Nixon, A. M. F. R. S. p. 639. LVIII. A Catalogue of the Fifty Plants from Chelsea Garden, presented to the Royal Society by the Worshipful Company of Apothecaries, for the Year 1759, pursuant to the Direction of Sir Hans Sloane, Baronet, Med. Reg. & Soc. Reg. nuper Praeses, by John Wither, M. D. clariss. Societatis Pharmaceut. Lond. Socius, Hort. Chelsean. Praefectus & Praelector. Botanic. p. 644. LIX. Some Account of the Animal sent from the East Indies, by General Clive, to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, which is now in the Tower of London: In a Letter from James Par- CONTENTS. Parsons, M.D. F.R.S. to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D.D. Secretary to the Royal Society. p.648. LX. An Account of the Frog-fish of Surinam, addressed to the Royal Society, by Mr. George Edwards, F.R.S. p.653. LXI. An Account of a remarkable Operation on a broken Arm; by Mr. Charles White, Surgeon at Manchester, Communicated by George Lloyd, Esq; F.R.S. p.657. LXII. An Account of a Bone found in the Pelvis of a Man at Brussels; by Terence Brady, M.D. In a Letter to the Rev. Tho. Birch. D.D. Secretary to the Royal Society. p.660. LXIII. An Account of an extraordinary Case of a Lady, who swallowed Euphorbium. By Dr. Willis, of Lincoln: Communicated by Sir Francis Dashwood, Bart. p.662. LXIV. An Account of artificial Cold produced at Petersburg: By Dr. Himself. In a Letter to Dr. De Castro, F.R.S. Translated from the French by James Parsons, M.D. F.R.S. p.670. LXV. An Account of a complete Luxation of the Thigh Bone, in an adult Person, by external Violence; by Mr. Charles White, Surgeon, at Manchester. Communicated by George Lloyd, Esq; F.R.S. p.676. LXVI. Conjectures upon an inedited Parthian Coin. By the Rev. John Swinton, B.D. of Christ-Church. Oxon, F.R.S. p.680. LXVII. An Account of a stony Concretion taken from the Colon of an Horse; by Mr. H. Baker, F.R.S. p.694. LXVIII. An Explanation of the Modes or Tones in the ancient Graecian Music; by Sir Francis Haskins CONTENTS. Haskins Eyles Stiles, Bart. F. R. S. p. 695. LXIX. An Enquiry into the Measure of the Roman Foot; by Matthew Raper, Esq; F. R. S. p. 774. LXX. A Description of a metalline Thermometer; by Keene Fitzgerald, Esq; F. R. S. Communicated by the Right Hon. George Earl of Macclesfield, President of the Royal Society. p. 823. LXXI. An Account of a Bird supposed to be bred between a Turkey and a Pheasant; by Mr. George Edwards, F. R. S. p. 833. LXXII. An Account of a late Discovery of Asphaltos in France: In a Letter to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D. D. Secretary to the Royal Society, from Mr. Turberville Needham, F. R. S. p. 837. LXXIII. An Account of the hot Baths of Vinadio, in the Province of Coni in Piedmont; with the State of the Weather at Turin in the Year 1759: In an Extract of a Letter from Dr. Joseph Bruni, F. R. S. to Mr. Henry Baker F. R. S. p. 839. LXXIV. An Account of a Specimen of the Labour of a Kind of Bees, which lay up their Young in Cases of Leaves, which they bury in rotten Wood: In a Letter to Daniel Wray, Esq; F. R. S. from Sir Francis Eyles Styles, Bart. F. R. S. p. 844. LXXV. An Account of a Case of a luxated Thigh Bone reduced; by Mr. Charles Yonge, Surgeon, at Plymouth; Communicated by John Huxham, M.D. F. R. S. p. 846. LXXVI. Some Observations upon a Samnite-Etruscan Coin, never before fully explained. In a Letter from the Rev. John Swinton, B. D. of Christ-Church, Oxon. F. R. S. to the Rev. Thomas Birch, D. D. Secretary to the Royal Society. p. 853. I.XXVII. CONTENTS. LXXVII. De Proximo Veneris sub Sole Transitu. p. 865. LXXVIII. A Proposal for discovering the Annual Parallax of Sirius; by the Rev. Nevil Maskelyne, A. M. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and F. R. S. p. 889. LXXIX. Farther Experiments in Electricity; by Mr. Benjamin Wilson, F. R. S. p. 896. LXXX. A Letter to Mr. Benjamin Wilson, F. R. S. concerning Electricity; from Mr. Thorbern Bergman, of Upsal. p. 907. LXXXI. Some Considerations on a late Treatise, intitled, A new Set of Logarithmic Solar Tables, &c. intended for a more commodious Method of finding the Latitude at Sea, by Two Observations of the Sun; by H. Pemberton, M. D. R. S. Lond. et R. A. Berol. S. p. 910. LXXXII. An Account of the Plants Halesia and Gardenia: In a Letter from John Ellis, Esq; F. R. S. to Philip Carteret Webb, Esq; F. R. S. p. 929. LXXXIII. An Account of an Eclipse of the Moon, 22d November 1760, observed in Surry-Street in the Strand, London; by James Short, M. A. F. R. S. p. 936. LXXXIV. An Account of the Case of a young Man, who had lost the Use of his Hands by cleansing Brass Wire; by Mr. Samuel More, Apothecary in Jermyn-Street. Communicated by Ch. Morton, M. D. Secretary to the Royal Society. ibid. LXXXV. A further Account of some Experiments made on the Bovcy Coal. p. 941. LXXXVI. De Aberratione Luminis, in Superficiebus et Lentibus Sphericis refractorum. p. 944. PART