An Account of Divers Rare Plants, Lately Observed in Several Curious Gardens about London, and Particularly the Company of Apothecaries Physick Garden at Chelsey. By Mr. James Petiver, F. R. S.

than they imagine and that this phenomenon will not have an end, till the Mine of Sulphur is entirely consumed. II. An Account of divers Rare Plants, lately observed in several Curious Gardens about London, and particularly the Company of Apothecaries Physick Garden at Chelsea. By Mr. James Petiver, F.R.S. Sect I. Rare English Plants Polypody of the Wall. Polypodium murale. pinnulis serratis. Polypodium alterum C.B. in Matthiol pag: 887. Fig. Polypodium Quercinum Gerard, p. 974; Fig. Polypodium 2. Tabern. Histor. 478. Fig. Polypodium 2. Filicula Eusel. Icon. 799. Fig. 1. Tabernemontanus's Figure, which Caspar Bauhine upon Matthiolus and Gerard have copy'd, seems to resemble this Plant in its somewhat waved Wings, and tip. But the Polypodium minus Dodon. Pemptad. 464. Polypodium Quercinum Jonston. 1132. Polypodium 2 Matthiol. Lugd. Histor. 1230. which Caspar Bauhine makes to be the same with this, viz. Polypodium minus C.B. pin. 2. 359. is not like it, but a less and slenderer sort of the Common. Dr John Salvatore, a very Curious Botanist, sent this lately from Barcelona by the Name of Polypodium majus serrato folio Barrelier. Icon. Instit. Rei Herb. Tourn. 540. I gathered this Plant & May 24. A.D. 1709. on the Walls of Windsor Castle, in the Apartment of the Reverend Dr. Manningham, then Dean of that Place, and now Bishop of Chichester, whose Son, a very Nice Botanist, first ob- served and shewed it me there; and hath since sent it to Chelsey Garden. Jagged Welsh Polypody Ray Hist. Plant. 136. 2. Syn. 22. 2 Names. 2 Edit. 2. p. 45. Polypodium Cambrobritannicum, lobis foliorum protundè dentatis Bobart. Hist. Oxon. 563. 8. Sect. 14. Tab. 2. Fig. 8. Polypodium Cambrobritannicum, pinnulis ad margines laciniatis Ray Hist. Plant. 136. 2. Synopsis: 22. 2. Edit. 2. p. 45. Filix amplissima, lobis foliorum laciniatis Cambrobritannica Pluk. Tab. 30. Fig. 1. Dr. Hans Sloane first sent a Specimen of this (then rare) Plant to Mr Ray, which he describes in his History. It differs from the common Polypody, in having its Ale or Wings deeply jagged or torn: I never yet observed any Seed on this Fern. Mr. Jacob Bobart, Botanick Professor at Oxford, gives a very lively Figure of this elegant Plant, which he says was first discover'd A.D. 1668. by Richard Kayse of Bristol, on a Rock, in a Wood near Dennis Powis Castle by Caerdyff in Glamorganshire. Orton Flowring Fern, or Small Osmund. Ray Hist. Plant. 153. 3. Osmunda Westmorlandica, folijs tenuiflume disjectis, Mus. Petiver. 792. to whose various Synonyms I thither refer you. Dr. Plukenet has figured this in his Phytographia, Tab. 3. Icon 2. and Mr Jacob Bobart very elegantly in his 3d Volume Plantar. Histor. Oxoniens. Sect. 14. T.4. p. 593. 4. Mr John Ray, that Patron of Botany, first observed this in England, about the Parish of Orton, where it grows plentifully, and in other places in Westmoreland. Mr Edward Lhwyd hath also found it on Snowdon Hill in North Wales. Mr John Robinson, alias Fitz-Roberts, a Curious Naturalist, sent up several of these Plants from Kendal, which were set in Chelsea Garden and elsewhere, but after a Winter or two, they often go off. Rough ear'd Fox-tail Grass, Ray Hist. Pl. 1265. 7. Syn. 239. ed. 251. 5. Gramen Alopecuroides aspera spica C.B. phyt. 13. Pl. LI. Gr. Alop. Spica aspera C.B. 4. 6. prodr. 10. F. Theatr. 56. F. 6. Gr. Al. sp. asp. brevi Park. 1558 Fig. 6. Gramen echinatum Dalechampij Histor. Lugdun 432. Fig. Gramen xi Jonston in Gerard, l. i. c. 22. p. 30. Gramen cum candia Leporis aspera, sive spica murina Chabrei 185. Icon 6. I. B. 3. 1. 18. p. 474. Fig. It grows in the dry Borders of sowed Grounds about Montpelier and Narbon. Piace. Mr Jezreel Jones gathered it about Lisbon. That Consummate Botanist Dr. William Sherard, now Consul at Smyrna, was the first who found it in our own Dominions, viz. in the Island of Jersey, where it grows very common in all the sandy Grounds. The last and the preceding Summer it spiked very plentifully in Chelsea Garden. Welsh Sorrell, Mr Petiver's English Herbal, Tab. 3. Fig. 4. Ray H. Pl. 180. II. Syn. edit. 2. p. 57. 10 Acetosa Names. Cambrobritannica montana Park. 745. 12. Acetosa Cochleariae folio, montana Lhwyd. Acetosa Britanica rotundifolia fructu & semine compresso P. Blair. Acetosa rotundifolia repens Eboracensis, folio in medio deliquium patiente Moris H. Oxon. 583. 10. Sect. 5. Tab. 28. fig. 10. Pluk. Phyt. Tab. 252. fig. 2. Mr Ray takes this to be the same with the Acetosa scutata repens C. B 114. 10. Prodr. 55. 3. Park. 744. 6. This rare Plant Mr John Parkinson, that accurate Botanist and Apothecary in his Theatrum Botanicum tells you, was found about 80 Years ago on a Mountain in Wales, by Mr. Morris discover'd Lloyd of Prislerworth, and about 20 Years since it hath been again observed by his Namesake, that celebrated and known Naturalist Mr Edward Lhwyd, on the Mountains Snowdon and Cadairidris; and soon after by Mr Tho. Lawson and Mr John Fitz-Roberts, two other expert Botanists, in Westmorland, where the Curious Dr. Richard Richardson tells me he has also found it, as well as in Wales. Wales, but not as yet in Yorkshire, where he lives. Mr Patrick Blair, a Curious Botanist and Anatomist, hath observed it in divers places in Scotland. Jersey Cudweed. English Herbal, Tab. 18. Fig. 5. Ray Hist. Plant. 284. 17. & 296. 7. Syn. ed. 82. 3. Gnaphalium Plateau 2 Clus. H. 329. Fig. Gnaphal. majus lato oblongo folio C.B. 263. 9. Pluk. Phyt. T. 31. F 6. Gnaphalium oblongo folio Jonft. 643. Icon. Gnaphalium lupinum oblongo folio Park. 686. Fig. 6. Gnaphalium ad Stechadam citrinam accedens Chabr. 371. Ic. 2. I. B. 2. l. 26. p. 160. Fig. Elychnys Sylvestre latifolium, capitulis conglobatis C. B. 264. 8. Phyt. 514. 7. By this last Name Monsieur Vaillant, a very Curious Botanist, and Secretary to Dr. Fagon the French King's Chief Physician, sent it me from Paris, where he gathered it wild. Dr. Sloane in his Voyage to Jamaica, found it about Funchall in the Madeira Islands, where he observed it to sport very much in the shape of its Leaves, Flowers, and Stature. Dr. Sherard hath found it nearer home, viz., in the Isle of Jersey on dry Banks and Walls very common. Common Yellow Oxe-eye. English Herbal, Tab. 19. Fig. 7. Ray Hist. Plant. 341. 9. Syn. 56. edit. 90. Buphthalmum vulgare Jenß. 747. Fig. 3. Buphthalmum Dioscoridis C. B. phyt. 226. 5. Buphthalmum Tanaceti minoris folijs C. B. pin. 135. 1. Buphthalmum Matthiol. vulg. Millefolij folijs Park. 1370. Chamomelum Chrysanthemum quorundam Chabr. 363. Icon. 2. J. B. 2. l. 26. p. 122. Fig. Its Leaves are like Tansey, but smaller and hoary; by which and its short rim'd yellow Flowers, it is easily known from others. It grows in divers parts of Germany and Italy. Mr Ray found this on a Bank near the River Tees, not far from Sedgeburn in the Bishoprick of Durham. Welsh Yellow Poppy. Ray Hist. Pl. 856. 9. Syn. 122. 6. ed. 180. 6. Argemone Cambrobritannica lutea Park. 369. fig. 4. opt. Argemone luteum perenne, laciniato folio Cam- Cambrobritannicum Ray Syn. 122. 6. edit. 2. p. 180. 6. Its long smooth Heads, yellow Flowers, and Leaves not unlike Celandine, distinguish it from all others. Mr John Parkinson, that laborious Botanist, first found this elegant Plant in Wales; since which the Inquisitive Mr Ray and Mr Lhwyd have both observed it in divers other Places in those Parts. It Flowers and Heads in Chelsey Garden most part of the Summer. Germander Whitlowgrass Ray 790. 4. Syn. ed. 165. 3: Alysson Veronica folio Elem. Botan. 790. Bursa Pastoris Names. major loculo oblongo C.B. 108. Prod. 50. Fig. Phys. 1711. 6. descr. Bursa P. sublongo loculo affinis pulchra planta I B. 2. l. 22. p. 938. Fig. Chabr. 295. le. 5. Draba minima muralis discoides Col. 274. Fig. Thlaspi Veronica folio Park. 843. F. 13. Its Leaves resemble our wild Germander, the Flowers white and small, and the Pods longer than those of Whitlowgrass. It Flowers and Seeds in March and April. Grows about Montpelier, and in the Hedges between Luca and Pisa. Mr Ray found this on the sides of the Mountains in several Parts of Craven, Yorkshire; from whence Dr. Richardson in those Parts, has been pleased to send it to Chelsey Garden. Mr Thomas Pool of Nottingham, a Curious Botanist, has observ'd it about Cromford in Derbyshire. Small Sea Cranesbill. Ray 1056 3. Syn. 154. 1. ed. 216. Geranium minimum procumbens, folijs Betonicae Mor. H. Ox. Sect. v. p. 512. 8. Geranium pusillum supinum marinimum Altheae aut Betonicae folio nostras Ray 1056. 3. Syn. 154. 1. ed. 216. Plak. Tab. 31. Fig. 4. The first discovery of this Plant is owing to Dr. Morisson, that learned Botanist, who found it in Stoney places about Chadder in Somersetshire; and since by Mr Ray on the Sea Coasts of Cornwall and Wales plentifully. Sect. SECT. II. European Plants, not English. Soft, short-ear'd Fox-tail. Ray Hist. Pl. 1265. 6. Alopecuros Dod. Pempt. 541. fig. Ger. 81. fig. Jonst. 87. Fig. Alopecuros genuina Park. 1166. Fig. 1. Gr. Alopecuros spicâ brevi Chabr. 186. Ic. 2. I.B. 2. l. 18. p. 474. Fig. Gr. Alop. sp. breviore C.B. Phyt. 26. cxx. Gr. Alopecuroides spicâ rotundiore C.B. 4. 1. Theatr. 56. 1 This pretty soft headed Grass is one of the Ornaments of Chelsea Garden. Grows wild in Sicily, Italy, Nanbone, and about Montpelier. Great Spanish Cowquakes. Ray H. Pl. 1274. 4. Gramen Tremulum maximum C.B. 2. 1. Prodr. 5. Fig. Phyt. 10. 38. Theatr. 24. Fig. 2. Gr. Tremul. max. Hispanicum Park. 1165. Fig. 5. Phalaris pratensis altera Jonst. 87. Fig. opt. 3. Grows in Spain, Sicily, and some Parts of Italy. Its a very elegant and ornamental Plant in Gardens; and if well dried never decays. Canary Grass. Ray Hist. Plant. 1248. 1. Phalaris Dod. 510. Fig. Chabr. 179. Ic. 2 I. B. 2. l. 18. p. 442. Fig. C.B. Phyt. 55. Theatr. 534. Fig. Ger. 80. Fig. 1. Jonst. 86. Fig. 1. Phalaris major, semine albo C.B. pin. 28. Phalaris vulgaris Park. 1163. Fig. 1. Its call'd Canary grass, because brought from thence, and is the common Food of those Birds. It grows not only in the Canary Islands, but in Spain, Tuscany, Montpelier, &c. amongst Corn. This is a beautiful Corn grass, and often found scatter'd in many Old Gardens. Star-headed Succory. Ray Hist. Plant. 256. cap. 4. Rhagadiolus Elem. Botan. 382. Instit. Rei Herbar. 479. Rhagadiolus alter Caesalpin. 151. Hieracium siliquâ falcatâ C.B. 128. Phyt. 2. 12. 19. falcatum Lobelij Ger 225. Fig. 9. Jonst. 298. Fig 8. Hieracium falcatum seu stellatum Park. 796. Fig. 2. Hieracium Stellatum Chabr. 320. 4. I.B. 2. l. 24. p. 1014. This is manifestly distinguish'd from from all Sucory and Hawkweeds, in having starry Character Podlike Heads and small yellow Flowers like Nipplewort. Grows about Montpelier, Bononia, and near Petracks Place. Tomb at Padua. Greater Spanish hoary Hawkweed. Ray H. Pl. 231. 3. Hieracium lanatum Sonchi vel Erigerontis facie H. Leyd. Names. 314. villosum, Sonchus lanatus Dalechampij dictum. Ray Hist. Plant. 231. 3. Sonchus lanatus Dalechampij Lugd. 1116. Fig. I. B. 2. l. 24. p. 1026. Fig. flore aureo Erigerontis Chabr. 317. 2. Ic. Sonchus villosus luteus C. B. Phyt. 205. xi. Sonchus villosus luteus major C. B. pin. 124. Park. 809. Fig. 1. Dalechamp and Parkinsons Figures, were they more procumbent, would better resemble this Plant than those of I. B. and Chabreus. Grows about Mompelier and Messina in Sicily plentifully. Dr. Salvadore hath also found it near Barcelona. This Flowered in Chelsea Garden from July till Autumn. Greater Spanish bearded Hawkweed. Ray H. Pl. 232. 7. Hieracium medio nigrum Beticum majus. Park 792. 6. Hieracium medio nigrum; fl. majore Jonst. 1625. The peculiarity of this Plant is to have a bearded Head, with Brimstone Flowers and black in the middle. This pretty Hawkweed was first brought into our English Gardens about the Year 1620 from Spain by Mr William Boel, a Fleming, who communicated the Seeds of this and several other Spanish and Portugueze Plants to Mr Coys, Goodyer, Jonston, and Parkinson, all eminent Botanists in those Days. Hoary Bucksburn Chamomil. Chamæmelum Coronopi folio tomentoso. The largest of these Leaves resemble our Wart or Swines Cress, but are very hoary; its a low Plant with hollow Stalks especially when dry. The Flowers of the size and shape of the Single Sweet Chamomil the Branches leafy, but the Flowers when full grown, stand on Stalks void of Leaves two and sometimes three Inches bare. Chelsea Physick Garden is obliged to Mr Jac... cob Bobart, Botanick Professor of Oxford, for this elegant Plant, and divers others he has been pleased to send thither. Roman Wormwood Ray H. Pl. 367. 5. Absinthium Anstriae folio. Nobis Absinthium Ponticum vulgare Chabr. 374. Ic. 3. Clus. 339. Fig. opt. fol. inferius albo I. B. 3. l. 26. p. 175. Fig. Absinthium Ponticum tenuifolium incanum C. B. 138. 4. Phyt. 235. 6. seu Romanum vulgare. Park. 98. Ic. opt. 3. Absinthium tenuifolium Ponticum Galeni. Jonst. 1096. Fig. 2. The lower Leaves of this Wormwood so much resemble those of the Sophia Chirurgorum, or Flixweed, that its very easy to distinguish it from the other sorts. Grows in divers parts of Germany, and near Vienna, in Stoney Places. Flowers and Seeds towards Autumn. Bur-Cumin. Ray Hist. Pl. 402. 6. Cuminum vulgare El. Bot. 250. Inst. Rei Herb. 301. Cuminum Sylvestre Dod. 300. Fig. Ger. 908. Fig. opt. 1. Jonst. 1067. Ic. 1. Park. 372. Ic. 3. capitulis globosis C. B. 146. 3. Phyt. 253. 2. Cuminum Sylv. 1. valde odoratum, globulosum I.B. 3.l.27. p. 23. Fig. Chabr. 384. Ic. 6. This is a very singular Herb, and not easy to describe; its lower Leaves like Honewort, but deeper cut; its flewsy Heads grow in round clutters, with elegant feathered Seed. Tabernamontanus his Figure, which Gerard has coppied, is much the finest Icon. and by which you will have a good Idea of it. Grows in Narbone and other Parts of France. I have also had it from some of the Mediterranean Isles. Anise Dale 210. Anis Pomet. l. 1. p. 13. F. Lemery 44. Anisum C. B. Phyt. 2. 9. Ger. 880. Fig. 1. Jonst. 1035. Fig. Park. 911. Ic. Anisum vulgare Clus. l. 6. p. 202. Fig. Anisum Herbarijs C. B. 159. 1. Anisum Veteribus Chabr. 396. Icon. 1. I. B. 3. l. 29. p. 92. Fig. The first or lower Leaves of this Umbel are often single and round, which few or none of the Figures express. Mr Ray says it fowed sowed plentifully in the Isle of Malta, where they make great profit of it, and call it there Sweet Cumin. Aleppo Ziziforum or Rose Basil. Ray Vol. 3. p. 299. 18. Clinopodium humile Syriacum breviori folio Ziziforum. Names: Bob. H. Ox. p. 374. 5. S. xi. Tab. 8. Fig. 2. Clinopodium fistulosum pumilum, Indie Occid. summo caule floridum Pluk. Phytograph. Tab. 164. fig. 4. Clinopodium Alpinum Roseum Satureiae foliis Boccon. Mus. Plant. rar. 135. Tab. 95. This Icon seems to be taken from a shriveled Specimen, which the Author found on the Mountains of Norcia. Mr Bobarts Figure which Dr. Plukenet copied, very well resembles this Plant, which from a stringy Root rarely rises a foot high; its two lower Leaves resemble our great Stone Basil (or Clinopodium majus) with four more at the top; in the midst of these stand a tuft of purplish Flowers, set in long pipey husks, rough or hairy as is the whole Plant. The Learned Dr. Huntington first sent this elegant Plant from Aleppo to Oxford, from whence our Physick Garden has been adorned with it. Purple, long-leav'd Arch-angel. Ray 559. 2. Lamium folio oblongo C. B. Phyt. 437. 2. Lamium fl. rubro Park. Names: Lamium purp. non fætens, folio oblongo C. B. 231. 2. Galeopsis sive Urtica iners, fl. purpurascente majore, fol. non maculato I. B. 3. l. 28. p. 321. Fig. This Plant is like the common white Arch-angel, but that the Flowers are purple and curiously speckled. J. B. hath observed this in Italy, also about Geneva and Basil. Parkinson says, it is found in some places with us; but the Herbarists of this Century have not yet met with it. It hath Flowred several Summers in Chelsea Garden, and I presume from the Physick Garden at Oxford, Mr Jacob Bobart having formerly sent me Specimens of it. Hemp Mallow. Ray H. Pl. 605. 6. Alcea Cannabina C. B. 316. v. Phyt. 634. 6. Chabr. 308. Ic. 1. Alcea fruticosa Cannabina. Jonst. 934. Fig. Alcea fruticosa Cannabinii bini folio Clus. l. iv. p. xxv. Fig. opt. Alcea Pentaphyllea Park. 302. Fig. Alcea Pentaphylli folio vel Cannabina. I. B. 2. l. 23. p. 958. fig. Grows 6 or 7 foot high; its Hemp-like Leaves, easily distinguish it from all others. Mr Ray has observ'd this at Montpelier, as also in Italy and Sicily. Names. Curled Mallow. Malva frisee Gall. Ray 597. 1. Malva crispa Ger. 785. Fig. 3. Jonst. 931. Fig. 3. opt. I. B. 2. l. 23. p. 952. Fig. Malva crispatis oris Lob. Ic. 2. 651. Malva crispis folijs Park. 298. Fig. opt. folij. Malva folijs crispis C. B. 315. 5. Phyt. 628. 4. The curled Leaves and small whitish Flowers, clustering about its Stalks, distinguish it from others. This has been so old an Inhabitant in Gardens, that its Native place is scarce known. Grass-leaved Crowfoot. Ray H. Pl. 587. 1. Ranunculus Gramineus Park. parad. 218. 11. Fig. p. 221. 1. Gramineus Lobelij Ger. 808. Fig. 10. opt. Gramineus minimus C. B. phyt. 327. 28. Gramineus fl. luteo simplici Park. 336. Fig. Ranunculus 9. Jonst. 953. mont. folijs Gramineo C. B. 180. v. Pumilus Gramineis folijs I. B. 3. p. 850. Fig. Minimus Gramineis folijs Chabr. 470. Ic. 4. This has long blueish grassy Leaves, with a single yellow Flower and stringey Root, by which its known from the other narrower leaved Crowfeet. Grows in Meadows about Montpelier, Narbone, and Provence. It Flowers in our Gardens in April and May. Dr. Covell's Venus Looking-glass. Speculum Veneris fl. amplissimo Thracicum. Ray H. Pl. 742: 2. The Leaves are broad and long like our great Stitchwort, and those about the Flower are hairy edg'd; by which and the specious largeness of its Flowers, it differs from the rest. We owe the first Discovery of this beautiful and ornamental Plant to that Reverend, Curteous and Curious Gentleman Dr. John Covell, Master of Christ Church in Cambridge, who in his Travels to Constantinople found this in in Thrace, and brought Seeds of it over, which he gave to Mr Peter Dent, an Eminent Apothecary and Botanist in the University, who communicated the same to Mr Ray, who raised the Plant, as we have lately done at Chelsey Garden, where it makes a beautiful Show. Dafie Rocket. Ray H. Pl. 807.6. Ernca Bellidis folio Moris. H. Oxon. 231.18. The Leaves of this Plant may be taken for the great Dafie, were it not for its biting Radish taste, the Flowers are yellow, and Pods long like the Common; both these appear from May till August. Dented leaved Hedge Mustard. Erysimum folio dentato, fl. minimo: The Root-leaves of this Plant are long, narrow, and toothed like the Dandelion, but more slightly; these on the Stalk are much less, and only serrated, the Flowers pale, yellow, and very small; these are followed by slender Pods above 3 Inches long, and when ripe seem joyned; they stand off from the Stalk on very short Pedicles. Sciatica Cresses. Ray Hist. Plant. 827. I. Iberis C. B. Phyt. 153. Iberis Cardamantica. Ger. 197. Jonst. 253. Fig. opt. Iberis latiore folio C. B. 97.2. Park. 854. Fig. 2. The Root-leaves stand on long footstalks, are half an Inch broad, two or three long, notch towards the point, but on the Stalks they are long, narrow pointed, and plain, with Pedicles, both of a Cresley last. The Flowers small and white, the capsules cordated. Grows common in Highways, and untiled places both in Germany, Italy, Sicily, &c. Boccones Spangle-Mustard. Ray H. Pl. 837. Thlaspidium Raphani folio El. Bot. 183. I. R. H. 214. Thlaspi biscutatum Raphani aut Irionis folio Boec. rar. Pl. 45. Tab. 23. This differs from the common, in having auriculated, or rather small wing'd Radish-like Leaves. Its an annual Plant, and Flowers in our Gardens from Midsummer till near Christmas. Signior Paul Boccone, a Curious Botanist, first found this Herb about Marfaills and in the the Island of Sicily, in rough and uncultivated places plentifully. **Names:** - German Milk-Vetch. Ray H. Pl. 916. 3. *Astragaloides* - Dod. pempt. 551. Fig. Jonst. 1239. Fig. 4. *Astragaloides altera Herbariorum Lob. Ic. 2. p 78. 2. Belg. 2. p. 92. Fig.* - *Astragalus Herbariorum Park. 1086. Fig. 8. Astragalus major Fuchsi Chabr. 151. Ic. 5. I. B. 2. l. 17. pag. 334. Fig.* - *Orobus Pannonicus* 2 Clus. l. vi. p. 230. Fig. - *Orobus Sylvaticus folijs Viciae C. B. 352. 6.* Grows wild on the hilly Woods about Geneva, and in divers places of Germany. This has the face of a Vetch, but grows upright; its Flowers and Pods resemble our Wood-Pea, but differs much in its Leaves. **Character.** **Place.** **Names:** - Broad or Flat Buttons. Ray Hist. Pl. 961. 2. *Medica lata Park. parad. 339. 8. folliculo lato Park. parad 336. Fig. 8.* - *Medica orbiculata I. B. 3.l. 17. p. 384. F. Chabr. 166. Ic. 1.* - *Trifolium scutellatum, fructu latiore, folio obtuso C. B. Phyt. 659. 19.* I. B. and Chabreus, their Icons very well resemble this Plant, but the Leaves do not always end blunt, as the Figures express, tho' they often do. This differs from the next in being flat headed, and having but 3 or 4 twirls in each; they are single, double, and sometimes 4 or 5 in a cluster. Found on the Euganian Mountains and about Mompelier. Mr Ray has observed it in Sicily. **N. B.** **Description.** **Place.** **Names:** - Round Snails or Barbary Buttons. Ray H. Pl. 961. 1. *Medica Cochleata vulgaris Park. parad. 338. 5.Fig. 337. 5.* - *Medica Scutellata I. B. 2. l. 17. p 348. Fig. Chabr. 165. Ic. opt. 6.* - *Trifolium Cochleatum Jonst. 1199. Fig. 1.* - *Cochleatum I. Dod. Pempt. 575. Fig.* - *Cochleatum fructu latiore C. B. 329. 3.* *Cochleat. fr. latiore folio acuto C.B. Phyt. 659. 19.* The largest of these Leaves are somewhat like those of Roses, and pointed, but the smaller often obtuse. These Buttons are round, generally grow single, and have each 6 or 7 twirls. Found about Mompelier very common amongst Corn. **Great** Great Hedgehogs. Medica magno fructu, aculeis sursum & deorsum tendentibus I. R. H. 411. Medica Cochleata spinosa major, dicarpos seu capsula spinis longioribus sursum & deorsum tendentibus Mor. H. Ox. 153. 8 & 9. Tab. 15. Fig. 8 & 9. Medica Cochleata spinosa, echinis magnis utrinque turbinatis cum spinulis reflexis. Ray H. Pl. 962. 10. Medica spinosa altera Park. parad. 339. 7. Fig. 337. 7. Majoris Beticæ species 1. spinulis intortis Goodyeri Jonst. 1200. Cochleata capsula majore spinosa, spinis sursum atque deorsum tendentibus Flor. Noriberg 116. Trifolium Cochleatum spinosum majus, spinis sursum & deorsum tendentibus Hort. Blas. These Leaves are like those of Melilot, and lightly crenated as the Sun Spurge the Fruit as big as a small Nutmeg, and often 3 or 4 together, thick set with long Spines, which lye both ways, viz. up and down, close to the head, by which its known from all others. Grows about Nar-Place; bone, flowering early in the Spring. Hard Bur Hedgehogs. Medica Cochleata fructu duro, spinis brevibus rigidis. The Fruit of this resembles our Xanthium or Lesser Burdock, and about the same size; its Heads close and hard, with stiff short prickles somewhat crooked, and often grow 4 together. Hard Warty Hedgehog. Medica Cochleata fructu duro verrucoso. Medica magna turbinata. Chabr. 166. Ic. 2. The single Fruit at the bottom of the Figure is very like these Heads. Its Fruit somewhat less than the last, and hath Warts instead of Prickles grow often single, and are rarely more than two. Horse-shoes. Ray H. Pl. 966. 31. Lunaria radiata Italorum Lob. obs. 498. Fig. 3. Lunaria radiata Italorum, Medica lunata sive falcata Lob. Icon. 2. 38. id. Belg. 2. 43. Fig. Medica lunata I.B. 2. l. 17. p. 386. Fig. Park. 1116. Fig. 8. id. parad. 337. Fig. 9. Medica lunata sive falcata Chabr. 167. Ic. 2. Sylv. altera lunata Lugd. 503. Fig. Trifolium siliquâ lunata Jonst. 1207. Fig. 1. Trifolium Description. folium siliquà falcata C. B. 330. 3. Phyt. 660. 28. The Pods of this elegant Plant resemble a Half moon, or Horse-shoe; they are very thin and transparent, the edges are finely set with hairy thin Spinulae, and grow sometimes two together. Sooty Clover. Ray H. Plant. 943. 1. Trifolium Aspalites sive bituminosum Park. 716. Fig. 2. Aspalt. Bituminodorum I. B. 2. l. 17. p. 366. Fig. Aspalt. rot. & longioribus foliis Lugd. 504. Fig. Trifolium bituminosum Dod. 566. Fig. Ger. 1019. Fig. Jonst. 1187. Fig. Trifolium bitumen redolens C. B. 327. 1. The strong sooty smell of its Leaves and bluish Flowers, distinguish it from others. Grows wild all over France, Spain and Italy. Ciliate Candy Clover. Trifolium Clipeatum argenteum. P. Alpin. Exot. 306. Fig. Park. 1108. Fig. 2. The Leaves of this rare Clover are not so pointed as in the Figure, but rounder and more approaching to our Common white Trefoil, as does its Flowers. The Seed Vessels are elegantly represented in Alpinus, and by which you will presently know it from all others. This is a Candy Plant, and thrives well in Chelsey Garden. It Flowers about Midsummer, and ripens Seed in Autumn. Knotted Bitter Vetch. Ray Hist. Plant. 915. 1. Ervum Chabr. 148. l. 6. Orobus sive Ervum multis I. B. 2. l. 17. p. 321. Fig. Orobus Lugd. 468. Fig. Orobus siliquis articulatis, semine majore C. B 346. 1. Orobus receptus Herbariorum Jonst. 1225. Fig. Orobus vulgaris Herbariorum Park. 1078. Fig. opt. 1. Its blunt-pointed Vetch-like Leaves, yellow Flowers and knotty Pods, distinguish this from other Pulse. Its common about Geneva and Mompelier, as also in Spain and Italy. Saw Vetch. Ray Hist. Pl. 939. 16. Pelecinus vulgaris El. Bot. 331. I. R. H. 417. Astragalus purpureus, annuus peregrinus, siliquis utrinque ferræ similibus Moris H. Ox. 107. 6. Tab. 9. Fig. 6. Lunaria radiata Chabrei 156. l. 1. Lunaria radiata Robini I. B. 2. l. 17. p. 348. Fig. Securidica Securidica siliquis planis utrinque dentatis C. B. 349. 3. Securidica siliquis planis dentatis Jonst. 1234. Fig. 6. The Leaves grow often alternate with lunulated tips; its Pods elegantly serrated on both sides, distinguish it from Place. all others. Grows pretty common about Messina in Sicily. Small Sickle-Vetch. Ray H. Pl. 936. pl 7. Securidica minor Lob. Ad. 402. Obs. 523. Fig. 2. Sec. minor. Astragalus Mompel. Hedysarum alterum Dodon. Lob. Ic. 2. 77. 1. Belg. 2. p. 90. Ic. 1. minor lutea Jonst. 1234. Fig. 5. Securidica altera seu minor I. B. 2. 1. 17. p. 347. Fig. Chabr. 155. Ic. 4. lutea minor, corniculis recurvis C. B. 349. 2. Astragalus Mompelianus Clus. 1. 6. p. 234. Fig. Hedysarum alterum Dod. 546. Fig. 2. Hedysarum minus Park. 1088. Fig. 2. Its crooked Pods very much resemble a Sickle, Distinction: or Reaping Hook, by which it is easily distinguish'd. Mr Ray has gathered this about Messina and Mompelier. Cassubian Vetch. Ray Hist. Plant. Vol. 3. p. 448. 5. Vicia multiflora Cassubica frutescens, Lentis siliquâ Breynij Prodr. 1. p. 45. Lens Ungarica Schuyt Cat. H. Leyd. 45. This has a woody Stalk, with hoary Leaves and a handsome spikey tuft of Purple reddish Flowers, succeeded by short Pods, which hang downwards. We are obliged to that celebrated Botanist Jacobus Breynius for the Place. first Knowledge of this Plant, who discovered it, by the sides of Woods in Cassubia, bordering on Prussia. Mallow Cranes-bill. Ray H. Pl. 1055. 1. Geranium Althæa folio C. B. 318. 3. Geranium Althæoides majus Park. 709. Fig. 6. Geran. Malvaceum I. B. 3. l. 30. p. 472. Geran. Malacoides Ger. 798. Fig. 2. Jonst. 943. F. 2. Lob. Ic. 662. 1. Obs. 738. Belg. 808. These last Figures very well answer this Plant. Its Root-Leaves are whole and not unlike Violets; the Stalk-Leaves less or more cut, as they approach the top. The Flowers grow umbellicated, and sometimes six or eight in a Tuft. Found about Geneva and Mompelier; flowering early in the Spring. Pyrenean Cranes-bill. Geranium Columbinum perenne Pyrenaicum maximum El. Bot. 231. I. R. H. 268. Geran. Col. perr. Pyren. latifolium, magno flore Schol. Botan. 227. This in all Parts is much larger than our Common great Doves foot Cranes-bill. It Flowers and Seeds with us in Gardens from Midsummer till Autumn. Monsieur Tournefort, the King of France's late Botanick Professor, first discovered this on the Pyrenean Mountains which divide France from Navarre. Candy Long Cranes-bill. Ray H. Pl. 1056. 4. Geranium Creticum Ger. 798. Fig. 1. Jonst. 943. 1. Park 710. Fig. Geran. Creticum annum hematodes Lob. Ic. 662. 2. Belg. 809. Fig. Geranium latifol. acu longissimâ C. B. 319. 7. Geran. Speciosum annum, longissimis rostris Creticum I.B. 3. l. 30. p. 479. Fig. Lobells Figure and those from him, very exactly resemble this Plant, whose Leaves are somewhat like those of Tordylium. This grows not only in Candy, but also about Messina, where Mr Ray observed it. Italian long Cranesbill. Ray H. Pl. 1056. 5. Geranium Apulum odorum. Park. 709. 3. Ger. Apulum Coriandri folio Col. 136. c. 40. Geran. Apul. Coriandri folio, alterum odorum Eujsd. 135. Fig. Geranium maximum angustifolium, acu longissimâ C. B. Phyt. 639. xx. Geranium Cicuta folio acu longissimâ C. B. 319. 1. Prodr. 138. That most accurate Botanist Fabius Columna, is the only one who has given us a Figure of this Plant, which he has done to the nicest Perfection, both in the Leaves, Flowers, and the natural twisting of its Bills. The lower Leaves are not unlike the jagged Celandine, and those on the Stalks are much more deeper cut. It grows about Mompelier in Ditches and Borders of Fields, as also in Italy, where the Curious Columna first observed it. Tall Roman Catch-Fly. Ray H. Pl. Vol. 3. p. 488. 65. Lychnis viscosa altissima, flore muscoso, Ocymastris facie Name. Triumphet. novae Plantar. Icon. & descript. p. 58. Fig. The Root is as thick as ones Thumb, from whence rise divers Stalks 3 or 4 foot high, with opposite Chickweed like Leaves; it branches very much towards the top, each ending in single, whitish, deep cut Flowers, which quickly turn into small Pear-fashioned Seed Vessels, close shut till ripe, and then open with a serrated Orifice like all the rest. It grows in the Clifts about the Convent of the Brutin Carthusians, call'd St. Bartholomeo di Trisulti, where it was not long since discovered by John Baptist Triumphetti, Reader and Super Intendant of the Physick Garden at Rome. I have observed this elegant Plant in Chelsea Garden, where it Flowers and Seeds from July till Autumn. Candy Plantain. Ray H. Pl. 881. 13. Holostium sive Leontopodium Creticum C. B. 190. 4. Prod. 98. c. 12. descr. Holostium Creticum alterum C. B. pin. 190. 5. Holostium Creticum sive Leontopodium Creticum. Park. 499. Fig. 5. Leontopodium Alpin. Exot. c. 51. p. 114. Fig. Belli Epist. ad Clus. p. 300. Leontopodium legitimum Imperati 672. Fig. Leontopodium Creticum C. B. Phyt. 512. 2. descr. & Fig. in append. Leontopodium Creticum Clus. l. v. p. 111. Fig. & L. Cret. aliud. Eiusd. 112. Fig. Plantago Cretica minima tomentosa, caule adunco Tourn. Coral. 5. Parkinson, that accurate and knowing Botanist, is of the Opinion that all Clusius his Figures are only differing states of the same Plant, which I am also inclined to believe, not only of his, but also those of Alpinus, Bauhine, and Imperatus, which are all different both from Clusius and one another, which may arise from a peculiarity it has, especially in dry Seasons, to shrink or send its Head towards its Root, the Flower Stalks being short and extremally woolly; for which reason I look upon Rawolf's Plantain, which the Hist. Lugd. app. 21. Fi- N.B. gures under the Name of *Planta rara Plantagini longe similis*, (which some would have the same with this) to be another Plant, it rather resembling the *Plantago angustifolia, paniculis Lagopi C. B. Prodr. 98. 4.* which I know grows also in those Parts. This long-lost Herb I found in her Grace the Dutchess of Beaufort's Garden at Chelsey, whose Nursing Care scarce any Plant (tho' from the most distant Climates) can withstand. I do not remember that any *Garden* in all *Europe* has yet boasted of this rare Plant, in the many *Catalogues* hitherto publish'd. **Names.** *Rawolphi Sea Lavander.* Ray H. Pl. 397. 10. *Limonium peregrinum folijs Asplenij C. B. 192. 7.* Limonium folijs Asplenij C. B. *Phyt. 356. 4.* Rawolphij Park. parad. 251. Fig. 6. *Rawolphij s. peregrinum Clus. Curæ poster. 33. Fig.* elegans genus *Rawolphij Belg. 314. Fig. H. Lugd. app. 35. Fig.* Quibusdam rarum I. B. Vol. 3. p. 862. Fig. Rarum *Rawolphij Chabr. 508. Ic. opt. 3. peregrinum Rawolphij Park 1235. Fig.* *Cichoria globulare Imperati 660. Fig.* **Character.** The Leaves of this Herb are more like those of *Sowthistles* (but much smaller) than Spleenwort; its Flowers of a glorious blue, and much larger than the common *Limoniuns,* growing coyled like *Vipers Buglofs.* This rare Plant I saw in Flower, with the Dutchess of Beaufort at Chelsey. *Rawolph* first found this in *Syria,* who traveled into those Parts about the Year 1573. Since that, *Augerius Clutius* observed it at *Malaga,* and *William Boel* about *Cales.* I have also had it from both these Parts of *Spain.* Mr *Ray* observed it on the Sea Coasts of *Sicily* and its Neighbouring Shores. **EUROPEAN Trees and Shrubs.** *Holm Oak.* Ray Hist. Plantar. 1391. 1. Bot. Monspel. 140. Pl. 1. *Ilex arbor Lob. Icon. 2. p. 154. 1. Obs. 582. F.g. opt. 3.* *Ilex arborea Chabr. 57. Icon. 1. I. B. Vol. 1.* This Tree sports mightily in its Leaves, as I B. Mr Ray, and other Authors, take notice of; they are most prickly whilst young, and as the Trees grow old, they grow plainer. The hoariness of Leaves underneath distinguishes it from the Cork. These grow frequently near the Sea Coasts in Spain, Italy, Narbone, &c. It is ever green. The Cork Tree. Ray Hist. Pl. 1393. c. 7. Suber. Chabr. 52. 57. Ic. 5. Suber latifolia Lob. Icon. 159. id. Belg. 2. p. 190. Names. Fig. Suber latifolium Ger. 1163. Fig. I. I. B. 1. l. 7. p. 103. Fig. Tab. Icon. 967. i. id. Hist. 2. p. 674. Fig. 3. Suber latifolium perpetuo virens C. B. 422. Suber Hispan. latif. perpetuo virens Clus. 21. Fig. Suberifer latifolia, Ilex glande echinato Adv. 432. Fig. Phallos sive Suber Dod. 830. Fig. media. Grows in many Parts of Spain, and all over Portugal; It is ever green, as are almost all of this kind. Great broad Alatern. Ray H. Pl. 1608. i. Alaternus Clus. 50. Fig. Hisp. 57. Fig. Ger. 1212. Fig. Tab. Ic. 1042. 2. id. Hist. 2. p. 749. Fig. 1. Alaternus prior Clusij Lugd. 159. Fig. 1. Phylica elator C. B. 477. i. Bourge-spine Monspeliensium Adv. 421. Fig. 2. Lob. obs. 566. Fig. 1. Spina Burgi Monspeliensium Chabr. 42. Ic. 6. I. B. 1. l. 5. p. 542. Fig. Lobel in his Observations makes the Alaternus 2. Clus. 50. the Bourge Spine Monsp. contrary to the Botan Monspel. p. 203. which says, it is the i. Clus. as above. The largeness of the Tree, and broadness of its Leaves, distinguish it from Clusius his 2d sort. This grows wild in Spain, Portugal, and about Montpelier. Narrow, knagged Alatern. *Alaternus folijs angustioribus*, hinc inde dentatis. This grows a tall straight Tree, with upright Branches; pointed, narrow Leaves, here and there dented. The Mastick Tree. Ray H. Pl. 1579. Bot. Monsp. 153. *Lentiscus* Clus. 14 Fig. Hisp. 85. Fig. Dod. 875. Fig. Chabr. 23. Ic. 5. I. B. i. l. 3. p. 285. Fig. Ger. 1243. Fig. Jonst. 1432. Fig. Tab. 2. p. 729 Icon. 1026. 2. *Lentiscus vulgaris* C. B. 399. 1. *Lentiscus Dioscoridis* Lob. Icon. 2 p. 96. 2. Belg. 2. p. III. Obs. 530. Fig. 1. From this Tree we have that celebrated Gum, or rather Rosin call'd MASTICK, which 'tis said the island of Chio (where Hippocrates was born) is the only place that yields it; altho it grows plentifully also in Italy, Spain, and Mompelier. The Oriental Plane-tree. Ray H. Pl. 1706. *Platanus* C.B. 431. 1. Chabr. 62. Ic. opt. 2. I. B. i. l. 8. p. 170. Fig. Clus. 9. Fig. Dod. 842. Fig. Matth. 127. Fig. 2. Ger. 1304. Fig. Lob. Icon. 2. p. 198. 2. Belg. 2. p. 232. Fig. Adv. 442. F. Tab. 2. p. 981. Icon. 972. 2. *Platanus Orientalis* varus Park. 1427. Fig. 1. This in its Native Soil grows to be a very large and shady Tree. Bellonius has observed 'em on Mount Athos so thick about as to cut the Trunks into large Boats with little charge or trouble. Its Burry Fruit and large Maple like Leaves, distinguish it from other Trees. In Chelsea Garden it bears Fruit yearly, which hang on the Trees most part of the Winter, long after the Leaves are fallen. Common Spirea or Theophrastus's Willow. Ray H. Pl. 1699. c. 13. *Spirea* C.B. 475. *Spirea Theophrasti forte* Clusij 84. Fig. Chabr. 44. Ic. 6. I. B. i. l. 5. p. 559. Fig. Park. 1437. Fig. *Spirea Salicis folio El.* Bot. I. R. H. 618. *Frutex Ipicatus, folijs Salignis ferratis* C. B. 475. This ornamental Shrub is common in most Gardens and easily known by its Willow or rather Almond like serrated Leaves, with Spikes of thick set, small, fresh coloured 5 leaved Flowers; each Spike about a Finger thick and long; these towards Autumn turn into dry starry Seed Vessels full of yellowish Dust. It Flowers in July and August.